Older Generation and Modern Business of UAE

Table of Contents Introduction Description of the two respondents A general Story about Dubai’s evolution Their perceptions over the changing world Positive and negative impacts on their lifestyle Advice/wisdom to young people Personal reflection/Conclusion Introduction The rapid changes experienced in the contemporary world have left human beings overwhelmed, forestalling, and others mesmerized depending on the age group factor.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Older Generation and Modern Business of UAE specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Perhaps one would wonder why the world seems entangled in different perceptions over the current global image, especially the differing presumption over matters pertaining to socio-economic structures. Traditionally, culture has been the most respected aspect amongst communities, but currently, the notion behind the significance of culture and subcultures is diminishin g. International competition has confused the world economic, cultural, and social living styles that have led to the emergence of world economic subdivisions popularly known as developed and developing nations. The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is one among the swiftly changing economies across the world with businesses struggling to meet market pressures, dynamic price fluctuations, and serving consumers with diverse needs. As the old generation is nearing retirement age, a new era is dramatically becoming dexterous. This study evaluates the new generation, as deemed by the mature community. Description of the two respondents This study undertook a face-to-face verbal interview with two older men aged 65 years and 59 years respectively named Mohammed Al Maktoum and Khan Al Suwaidi, both residing within Dubai with one retired from a local company and the other still working.Advertising Looking for report on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, in a bid to preserve confidentiality, these are not their real names and the names mentioned herein are for academic purposes coupled with assisting in undertaking this analysis. Mohammed Al Maktoum can barely speak and from a distance, one can read his thoughts and probably conclude that the older man must be undergoing some psychological agitation. Every time he begins to tell his story, he nods instantaneously, his bloodshot eyes begin reddening, and he puts his head down and grumbles. With a moderate body size fitted in an old suit, his efforts to start an old-engine car from a parking bay along one of the most beautiful Dubai streets is causing more frustrations. He never thought his Dubai dream would end here. We picked a conversation with the aging man and he recalls with nostalgia how Dubai used to observe influential culture, which underscored a working nation enjoying right working conditions coupled with favorable and attractive wages with no biasness in payments. He regrettably remembers earning double-digit salary before drastic changes began within the working community that shockingly witnessed unexpected layoffs, demotions, and even unforeseen retrenchments that consumed the industrial world in the 1990s. According to Mohammed, the companies that most people worked for started changing their perceptions over their workforce, coupled with frustrating and even treating workers inhumanely.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Older Generation and Modern Business of UAE specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Mohammed stresses that there was no senior to explain what was happening and workers used to teamwork became afraid as management teams disbanded any form of conversations and debates. The streets are now fluffy of a mixture of different races and nationalists from forces of migration and immigration that has been eminent in the current decades. H e continues to explain how he became jobless after he lost his work after a few days off to seek medical attention due to an injury he got at work. The situation was not different from the 59 years old Khan Al Suwaidi whom I knew his family for an extended period and thus he forms part of our family friend. The tall, middle-aged man with a flat tummy describes his life as a man born from an underprivileged family with a repeated history of members earning only living wage. His old voice, which seems humorous and balmy, forces him to respond to greetings in a frustrated manner. Employed for approximately 25 years in the same company, the current technologies seem to have outwitted him since the company is currently considering his age group as a liability. Since he began working with this company, which he refused to talk about, his life has been full of aggravation with doctors advising him to resign following a series of psychosomatic disorders.Advertising Looking for report on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Khan Al Suwaidi, initially, people with an education level like his were somehow bosses or even supervisors, but within two decades, things have changed dramatically. A general Story about Dubai’s evolution Only Mohammed Al Maktoum, by drawing memories from stories told to him, managed to portray a slight overview of the ancient Dubai that contrast distinctively from the modern Dubai. Dubai was once under a vast desert dominated only by scattered cactuses and tumbleweed with scorpions being the only insects inhabiting this zone. Nonetheless, within the eighteenth century, there was a small quaint town in the downtown with old-fashioned metal and glasses composing its infrastructure. Subsequently, a small village was coming into sight from this region with a few people in the lower Persian Gulf engaging in some pearls off the coast. From this moment, the desert-like Dubai region was gradually becoming an attractive site with the populace growing to substantial num bers. Within a short period, an accumulating cosmopolitan population streaming from the Persian Gulf, Indian subcontinent, and from Arab countryside was attractively engaging in some severe businesses around this zone before the British Empire and gunships invaded the place. Currently, Mohammed estimates Dubai’s population to consist of approximately 180 nationalities. Their perceptions over the changing world Mohammed Al Maktoum has had an unending criticism over the rapidly changing cultural and socio-economic paradigms in the contemporary world that has influenced almost every part of his lifestyle. The picturesque long and tall towers or even the skyscrapers along the Dubai streets are not the central part of his concern, but the dynamic changes within the socio-economic realm. Mohammed Al Maktoum exclaims that the contemporary Dubai does not only survive beyond its financial stature, but its lifestyle has surpassed its ecological form with zones characterized by manicure d Dubai lawns. Nonetheless, he notes that despite Dubai being nicknamed the global economic melting pot and essential for the entire world, such changes might only have favored the latest regimes and the modern generation, with the old generation struggling to cope with the dynamism. In fact, Mohammed Al Maktoum regrets that the primary virtues that embedded the Muslim community are gradually vanishing with the modern society concentrating on improvising and improving the business world. Even though Khan Al Suwaidi regards himself as an old nationalist of Dubai, much of his life experience consists of postmodernism of the current Dubai; hence, he has a mixture of thoughts regarding the changes that have consumed this city. Khan Al Suwaidi has much criticism on immigration and migration trends that have become uncontainable across the UAE and especially within Dubai city, which has witnessed massive influx of expatriates, deportees, and refugees, and thus the situation in Dubai is un desirable. Khan Al Suwaidi regrets losing his management position following changes in organizational culture, leadership techniques, and policies that since then have placed higher requirements for the senior ranks with salaries and wages depending on academic qualifications. The old Muslim culture, societal norms, and values have undergone down winding and finally meandered into the current globalization world that has captured individuals into endless interethnic, antisocial, and inconsiderate world. Immigrants are pushing natives deeper into the suburbs rural areas and occupying major economies within gateways, thus making lifestyle uncomfortable. Positive and negative impacts on their lifestyle As these elders are struggling to fit into the dynamics of the changing world within Dubai and other economically stable zones, Mohammed Al Maktoum and Khan Al Suwaidi admit that the contemporary world has resulted into a mixture of positive and negative impacts. A constant challenge ris ing from the changes seen in the current Dubai seems to be arising from how culture has become a controversial combination of modernism and some stereotyped traditions. Forty years ago, communities residing in Dubai remained bonded in specific cultures that respected both religion and traditions accustomed to the Dubai Emirati communities. Contrastingly, some minority women and men, influenced by immigrants, are practicing antisocial behaviors against national and regional customs. Economically, Mohammed Al Maktoum and Khan Al Suwaidi believe that life is becoming more and more difficult for the ordinary civilians within Dubai especially the aging men and women whose lives are worsening economically since they paved the way for the energetic and agile generation. Coupled with the rising expenses from common commodities to supplementary goods within Dubai city, they both expect life to worsen towards their old ages. Khan Al Suwaidi is still struggling to raise a family of at least si x individuals and thus waking up early in the morning to work in the industries makes his aging even more uncomfortable. They both explain that the areas that they visited for leisure during their youth have changed to something different and unpleasing. Since Khan does not possess any knowledge about the modern technologies integrated into the working systems, he is just but optimistic that his initial knowledge about his job will remain imperative to the company he serves. On the other side, Mohammed has been hopeful that the little savings he managed to accumulate from his meager pay will allow him to continue operating his small businesses for survival. The only way that the rapidly changing Dubai has positively influenced Maktoom and Khan Al Suwaidi is how current technologies are assisting in improving public service delivery, communication with family members and friends, and even comfortable transport networks founded from sophisticated technology. Contrary to the growing ca ses of prostitution, murder, terrorism, and bad politics that industrialization and modernization have brought to Dubai, current technologies have changed distance communication where members find it easy to communicate and share ideas. The media, though it might not be culturally sensitive to the behaviors and social structure of the present world, has improved information sharing and a deeper understanding of the world as it is currently. The four decades have also changed their way of interaction with the community, their perception about religion, and the reality about political and social life. Despite environmental concerns shifting from naturalism to imitations, Dubai has become more attractive than its earlier wilderness. Advice/wisdom to young people With a desire to create a better world than it appears currently, the two elders provided coherent advice to me as a youthful person. Mohammed Al Maktoum, in his deepest understanding of the experiences he has witnessed through global dynamism, believes that for generations to become stronger, they must keep up with the growing changes to enhance their competence economically and socially. Nonetheless, refraining from cultural norms might be enjoyable for the modernized community, but it is putting the world at more hazard than estimated. Khan Al Suwaidi asserts that the world does not change, but only human beings force it to change and it will be for the best of human nature to control people’s intuitions, notions, and motives concerning changes that are emerging in the world. They all admitted that these changes have risen desperately due to ravenousness and undesirable leadership traits coupled with human needs that are also increasingly becoming vibrant. Personal reflection/Conclusion Motivating words and wise saying have been useful in changing the current world and maybe will continue shaping the future world. The old generation has been quite imperative in providing critical advice through its intelligence though individuals keep underestimating its significance. Apparently, having elderly age-group presents some wisdom and thus preserving their acumen through simple words can aid in teaching the future generation. Mohammed Al Maktoum and Khan Al Suwaidi possess almost similar experiences through their employment and social life and thus, their words may change the lives of the future age group. Preserving the environment and nurturing its naturalism is crucial though we cannot get away from the reality that the current generation depends on jobs for survival. This report on Older Generation and Modern Business of UAE was written and submitted by user Jadon Brooks to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Definition of Dialectology

Definition of Dialectology The scientific study of dialects, or the regional differences in a language. Although to some extent an autonomous discipline, dialectology is regarded by some linguists as a subfield of sociolinguistics. What is Dialectology? Sociolinguists and dialectologists share some goals and methods. We both tend to be interested in the language of a particular place (a speech community), language in use, authentic speech, and defining a language variety in terms of how it might differ from the standard. A major difference is that in the past dialectologists or dialect geographers have been interested in the most divergent, traditional language of a community, assuming that other forms resulted from later movement toward the standard. Sociolinguists, on the other hand, are interested in the full range of forms in a community (and their social evaluation) ...The goals of dialect geography and dialectology have been to show where particular speech features are found, and to discover the boundaries between dialect regions. But dialect geography has also tried to find the most traditional speech in each region, on the assumption that regional dialects are most distinct when they havent been influenced by their neighbors , or by mainstream language.(Gerard Van Herk, What Is Sociolinguistics? Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Dialect Geography Dialect geography [is] a methodology or (more accurately) a set of methods for gathering evidence of dialect differences systematically ...More than a century has elapsed since the first major project in dialect geography was undertaken, and in that time there have been hundreds of projects, great and small, that have made use of the methodology ...The resurgence [of dialect geography] began in the 1980s. We have already noted some of the benchmarks: the revival of the Middle and South Atlantic States project under Kretzschmar, the resumption of analysis of the survey of English dialects by Upton and his associates, and, of course, Pedersons Gulf States publications. In addition to these, significant regional projects are taking place in Spain directed by Manuel Alvar, in France sponsored by the Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique, and in many other places, including Mexico, Canary Islands, Vanuatu, and RÃ ©union. Dialect atlases are appearing in relative profusion, some of them belated culminations of old field work and others the end-products of more recent research.One reason for the resurgence is technological. Dialectology, the most data-oriented branch of language studies, finally found itself with tools commensurate to its task.(J. K. Chambers and Peter Trudgill, Dialectology, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 1998) Social Dialectology Social dialectology differs from traditional dialectology in its shift of focus from rural, settled communities to communities characterized by immigration and mobility... A sign that social dialectology is maturing as a discipline is that scholars are now able to compare the results of a range of studies in order to locate and explain parallel developments.(David Britain and Jenny Cheshire, Introduction. Social Dialectology: In Honour of Peter Trudgill. John Benjamins, 2003) Forms of Dialectology In social dialectology, boundaries between varieties are identified on the basis of trained linguists observations of actual phonetic and grammatical features that constitute salient differences between varieties. In regional dialectology, boundaries are identified on the basis of what trained fieldworkers are able to elicit from speakers or speakers reports of what they usually say. In perceptual dialectology, the beliefs and thoughts that non-linguists have about language are used to distinguish varieties. Peoples perceptions about language, whether descriptively accurate or not, are just as important to the researcher as the objective facts about how speakers talk.(Miriam Meyerhoff, Introducing Sociolinguistics, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2011)

Way of Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Way of Thinking - Essay Example Although critical thinking or reasoning or way of thinking seems easy actually it’s a tough affair, as it requires the natural skills like consideration, reflection and deliberation. However, in order to justify the various aspects of any idea, high level of intellectual talent and knowledge is required so as to arrive at logical conclusions. On the other hand, experience of the senses may not present accurate results, as it does not include any sort of evidence. Therefore, it might be stated that critical thinking or rationale is extremely essential to attain relevant and justified conclusions that may be accepted by all individual. For example recruitment of an experienced leader or manager in an organization is accepted by all in order to enhance its productivity and profitability.Such an idea is the desire of all, i.e. manager as well as the employees. In addition, reason may be used for synthesizing and evaluating varied information in an apparent and rational way, in ord er to enhance its quality of evidences. However, it might be possible only by scientific investigation of various resources and evidences so as to reduce the pitfalls. By doing so, the accurate and actual facts might be analyzed very easily and effectively rather than the experience of the senses. So, the way of thinking or explanation is considered to be the most trust-worthy phenomenon for any individual as compared to the experience of the senses.Furthermore, reason is considered as a mental procedure that may be used in order to attain purposeful and self-regulatory analysis and judgments. By doing so, the exact problem of any situation might be analyzed or diagnosed prior finding its solutions. So that the solution might be at-per with the situation and may be accepted and acknowledged by all. However, such a facility may not be attained in case of facts evaluated through experiences of the senses.  

Chinese Economy Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Chinese Economy Master - Essay Example I will be discussing the threats foreign companies are facing in China's business environment and detail the efforts made by the Chinese government to address the said issues. Multinational corporations (MNCs), such as Wal-Mart, have identified that the most troublesome feature of China's business environment is the fragmentation of supply chain and local protectionism resulting to a lack of consistency of inter-provincial rules and regulation. Chinese provinces have, for centuries, enjoyed local autonomy and have made full use of it to protect local interests. Regional and local governments have the power to implement rules and regulation so long as it is line with the core mandates and laws of the central government and they can do this without notice. Foreign companies, most of which operate on the national level, finds this situation to be confusing and costly for business operations as they have to comply with each regulations set by each local entity. It also presents problems in supply chain efficiency as each province may require the inspection of the products being transported. For example, there is the possibility that nationally approved produc ts are barred from local distribution due to differing health and sanitation requirements of different provinces. There also localities that require wholesale purchases of alcohol and tobacco products posing problems for retail-oriented stores. This state of affairs results in fewer choices or higher prices for consumers which can be detrimental to the MNC in light of the very cheap products produced by Chinese companies. Physical infrastructure also differs between provinces due to the gap in funds to implement projects posing difficulties for road transportation whether it may be private or commercial trucking resulting to a problematic interprovincial purchasing. (McGregor 2007, p. 45) Technology and the Abundant Labour Force China's population is one of the largest in the world implying the abundance of the labour supply. While it can be argued that this presents an opportunity for the companies due to the expected lower compensation packages, it presents tradeoffs in accuracy and quality. The cheapness of labour works for industries that employs manual labour but is a nightmare for those which involves automated processes. High-end technology and electronics manufacturing from Japan, Korea and the United States relocating to China require automated processes and invest in usually expensive technologies to meet quality and accuracy standards. They are now faced with the dilemma of resorting to manual labour and risk quality or invest in automation and incur large costs that cannot be easily regained in light of fierce competition. In sectors that make use of manual labour such as those in transportation, distribution and retail, the abundance of labour can be a threat because it decreases entry barriers and forces the company to lower their prices to be able to compete in the market. As a result, foreign companies and their local providers still opt either to process manually or to contract out to local, third-party logistics companies that use manual processes thereby sacrificing quality. (Yan, Rick and Lebeberthal, Kenneth 2006, p.11) Foreign companies that need to have automation in their process could have some part of the process done manually but

Understanding Human Behaviour through Reductionist Approach

Understanding Human Behaviour through Reductionist Approach â€Å"The only way to understand Human Behaviour is to take a Reductionist approach.† Critically discuss with reference to relevant seminal and contemporary literature in psychology. Reductionism can be defined as being the idea that a complex system, such as human behaviour, is nothing more than the sum of its parts and that a description of the system can be reduced to descriptions of the individual components. Many of the main approaches in psychology tend to take a reductionist approach when trying to explain their understanding of human behaviour, including the cognitive approach which uses machine mechanism (using the analogy of machines and their most simple components) to explain human behaviour, such as Berkowitz (1993). The behaviourist approach also tends to be reductionist in how it tries to explain human behaviour, usually reducing behaviour down to simply environmental factors such as reinforcement and punishment. Perhaps the most reductionist approach in psychology however is the biological approach. The biological approach takes a more scientific approach to explaining human behaviour and puts it mainly down to our biology, for example, Lacourse, Boivin, Brendgen et al. (2014) explained that the results from their research suggested that a toddler’s aggression is strongly associated with genetic factors. Many psychologists would agree that â€Å"The only way to understand Human Behaviour is to take a Reductionist approach† for example, Hull (2002) who stated that â€Å"Reductionism at its most extreme asserts that the only level worth investigating is the lowest technologically feasible level. All else is a waste of time.† Given the fact that scientists who use more reductionist approaches to understanding human behaviour tend to get the most grant money for their research, publish the most papers and also tend to make the most scientific advances within psychology, this may be true. However, other psychologists believe that the lower states involved in reductionism do not capture the necessary coherence of the rationalisation relation at the higher level and are known as being anti-reductionist. Biological psychologists explain human behaviour by trying to relate it to the functioning of the brain and the nervous system, relating it to the role of genetic influences and also by putting it down to chemical processes in the brain. These are all reductionist ways to explaining human behaviour due to the fact that, apart from physics, they are the lowest level of explaining behaviour. A prime example of a reductionist explanation to understanding human behaviour such as aggression is through genetics. This type of biological reductionism reduces aggressive behaviour in an individual down to the role of genetic influence, for example Dilalla (2002) concluded from her review on the role of genetics on aggression that there is a â€Å"growing body of evidence on the genetic effects on aggression† with â€Å"the majority of twin and adoption studies on antisocial behaviour in children suggest that genetic effects are important influences† suggesting that aggressive beh aviour is mainly due to the genetic make-up of an individual. This explanation of aggressive human behaviour is solely reductionist and fails to take into account any environmental and cultural factors. The social approach to psychology however, would explain this behaviour through â€Å"The Social Learning Theory† by Bandura (1978), putting aggressive behaviour of a child down to factors such as imitation. Bushman Huesmann (2006) explored aggression in both children and adults, and found that exposure to violence led to participants becoming more aggressive, suggesting that human behaviour such as aggression can be adopted through imitation, leading one to believe that reductionist approaches to human behaviour, such as the biological approach isn’t taking every factor into account that could contribute towards an individual’s behaviour. Reducing human behaviour down to lower levels of psychology that can be studied is useful in trying to understand how things work. Poldrack Wagner (2008) used Atinkson Shiffrin’s (1968) multi-store model of memory in order to assess long-term and short-term memory. This cognitive approach to understanding human behaviour, suggested that remembering information over either the long-term or short-term was due to how we process this information internally. Reducing this behaviour down to a simple component of the individual means that, for example if an individual has long-term memory loss, it is easier to target one specific part of the brain responsible for this, thus easier to treat. However, even though this is a useful aspect of reductionist explanations of human behaviour, some psychologists, such as Hull, would argue that these explanations offer only a simple solution to a much more complicated problem. Depression, for example, according to the biological approach shoul d be treated with anti-depressants as biological psychologists such as Carlson (2005) believe that depression is due to neurotransmitters in the brain. However, social psychologists such as Beattie (2005), who examined the social causes of depression, would say that this is overlooking the real problem which could be issues such as problems within the family. This is a fundamental problem with the reductionist approach to understanding human behaviour; it tends to ignore social and environmental factors that may also contribute towards behaviour and hence when it comes to applying reductionist approaches to everyday life and having implications for human behaviour, the treatments may not be as reliable as they could be. Although there are arguments for â€Å"The only way to understand Human Behaviour is to take a Reductionist approach† there are a lot more anti-reductionist arguments. Anti-reductionist psychologists such as Hull Regenmortel (2002) refer to reductionism in explaining human behaviour as â€Å"as successful as Reductionism has been, it is seriously inadequate and must be supplemented with a more holistic science.† Emotion, for example, is ignored by reductionist explanations due to the fact that it is seen as impossible that an individual’s emotions can be explained through lower levels of psychology, such as neurotransmitters. Thus, factors such as emotion can only be truly explained by less reductionist approaches such as an individual is happy due to the environment that surrounds them, not due to biological factors. A further approach to understanding human behaviour is taking into account the role of the environment. Reductionist biological approaches do not consider the environment when explaining human behaviour, however there is a lot of research suggesting that although an individual is born with certain biological traits, such as genes, environmental factors, for example an individual’s upbringing and people they are exposed to predominately shapes an individual’s behaviour further. However, taking an environmental approach to understanding human behaviour is also reductionist, but psychologists specialising in this area such as Brent are starting to integrate the small parts into the whole. In 1995, Brent assessed risk factors for adolescent suicide and suicidal behaviour and stressed the importance of environmental factors such as family, as well as biological factors on these risk factors. Taking a more holistic approach like Brent (2005) instead of a reductionist approach to understanding human behaviour tends to take many factors into account instead of just reducing an explanation down to its simplest form, thus can lead people to believe that a more holistic approach to understanding human behaviour is a lot more valid and reliable as, for example, when treating an individual of an illness such as depression, not only will the biological aspect of the illness be treated with anti-depressants, but the social aspect of the illness can also be treated with a form of counselling. Using a reductionist approach to understanding human behaviour can be seen to be not so useful when trying to explain individual factors due to the fact that reductionist explanations, although they are reduced to the lowest levels of psychology and thus are in the simplest form, generalise behaviour to a target population. Maguire, Gadian, Johnsrude et al. (2000) found that the amount of time spent as a London taxi driver positively correlated with the volume in the posterior hippocampus and from this, suggested that â€Å"the posterior hippocampus stores a spatial representation of the environment and can expand regionally to accommodate.† Here, Maguire et al (2000) have generalised their study of male, London taxi drivers to the population as a whole. Every individual is unique and so it would not be right to generalise these findings to everyone as the same behaviour in people may be due to different explanations, such as our biology and the environment. In conclusion reductionist approaches to understanding human behaviour can be seen to have led to further scientific advances within psychology due to the fact that reductionist approaches make it easier to find the cause of human behaviour, meaning that it is then easier to treat, by reducing the explanation down to its simplest form. However, as discussed, there are many problems and critiques of the reductionist approach to understanding human behaviour, with the main problem being that the reductionist approaches leave out vital factors such as the environment and social factors when explaining behaviour, thus by using a reductionist explanation it does not give a full explanation for a complex subject such as human behaviour, whereas taking a more holistic approach such as a humanist approach, takes many different factors into account. Therefore, reductionist explanations, is limited when it comes to understanding and explaining human behaviour. Samantha Carlisle

Hard Times Essay

Mr Gradgrind says ‘ is it satisfactory to me†¦ to know that you do not come to the consideration of that question with the previous habits of mind, and habits of life, that belongs to many young women’ in reference to fancy and emotion when deciding whether to marry Mr Bounderby or not. Later on in the page we are told that Louisa was ‘ compelled to throw herself upon his breast and give him the pent-up confidences of her heart’. However this doesn’t happen because Mr Gradgrind fails to see it. This is because of the ‘artificial barriers’ that have been set up between him and his daughter and these barriers are primarily fact and his utilitarian views. It is a utilitarian view because he believes the decision should not be made based on the individual happiness of Louisa but on what will be best for everyone and therefore looking past her. It also is criticising Utilitarians and Mr Gradgrind through the use of dramatic irony in the sense that we see that Loo yearns to talk to her father but he doesn’t and we are criticising his inability to see it. The barriers being set up are metaphorical barriers he has put between himself and his daughter emotionally to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number of people. The barriers are themselves blocking out ‘subtle essences of humanity’ with reference to fancy. By saying that fancy is an essence of humanity in accompaniment with Gradgrind’s will to get rid of fact we see that Dickens is showing us that utilitarian principles strip us of these essences of humanity and therefore de-humanises us. Furthermore it is a very human ideal for a daughter to confide with her father or parent in general but here Louisa has been stripped of that showing us even more then de-humanising qualities of fact. Dickens then goes on to say that these subtle essences of humanity ‘will elude the utmost cunning of algebra until the last trumpet†¦ blow even algebra to wreck’ saying to us that fancy and emotion will always beat fact. The ‘last trumpet’ is judgement day so Dickens is saying that fancy will win until the end of eternity. This passage clearly shows Dickens preferences to emotion and how he feels it is superior although he does give fact some credit when he says ‘blow even algebra’ as if algebra is a tough subject to blow. Then dickens talks about how ‘with his†¦ utilitarian†¦ face he hardened her again’ telling us that utilitarianism is hardening Loo. First of all this builds sympathy for Loo because we were told earlier that Loo wanted to throw herself upon her father but she cant because of the barriers and is hardened again and secondly builds up our dislike for Gradgrind and utilitarianism more because of its hardening qualities.

Emerging Models by Center for Effective Collaboration and Practice

The article Emerging Models by Center for Effective Collaboration and Practice discussed several behavior management techniques that can be implemented especially in schools for children with disabilities. School-wide strategies was found effective as long as there is staff commitment, clearly defined procedures, and support plans that address the behavior problems of students (CECP, 1997). These strategies, supported with unified behavior management approach and practices can prevent student behavior problems. For beginning teachers, it is recommended that they follow a set of behavior management techniques as guidelines in managing student behavior. For instance, strategies such as â€Å"Self-Manager Program† which gives students with points for good behavior, or the â€Å"Chance Ticket System† which rewards students for their good behavior, are some of effective system that facilitates management of student behavior (CECP, 1997). The article Emerging Models is a useful source for this subject because it provides brief and yet sensible information on how to manage student behavior. Paraprofessionals are among the important elements in managing student behavior. They are the personnel who help teachers focus on their responsibilities through assistance in student monitoring and clerical works (Afolabi, 2002). In general, their roles focus on aiding and assisting teachers in their classroom duties. To plan and best utilize the roles of paraprofessionals, it is important that they are given with more training, not just as a teacher aide, but also as future teachers. The article written by Alfobi (2002) is a useful resource for this subject because it discusses information on the roles of a paraprofessional, as well as recommendations on how to improve the status of paraprofessionals.